- humerus
- forearm
- femur
- tibia
- proximal 1/3
- middle 1/3
- distal 1/3
- simple – oblique, transverse, spiral
- wedge/ butterfly – torsion, single, multiple
- complex – multifragmented, segmental
- eg. wedge fracture in midshaft tibia is 42.2
- mainly useful for distal tibia & femoral fractures