Down’s Syndrome

• 1/660 live
• risk ↑ with advancing maternal age

Orthopaedic Problems

• Spine
  • Increased atlantodens interval ~ 10%
  • Scoliosis ~ 50% of patients with an idiopathic form, managed similar to normal population without Down’s
  • Spondylolisthesis ~ 6%
• Pelvic
  • Infant with flat acetabulum, flarred iliac wings
  • Progressive hip dysplasia may begin during later childhood leading to loss of containment & even dislocation
  • Reconstruction in childhood – open & combine bony & soft tissue procedures
  • SUFE – more common & may mimick frequency of hypothyroidism
• Knee
  • fequent lateral dislocations of the patella, rare to require treatment
• Foot
  • planovalgus, bunion common & treated with fusion
• Polyarticular Arthropathy ~ 10% of the population

General

• Short
• Late to  make motor milestones
• Ligamentous laxity
• Flat face, epicanthal folds & upward slanting eyes
• Low IQ
• Congenital hear disease in ~ 10%
• Duodenal atresia
• Leukemia ~ 1%
• Increased infection rate
• Endocrinopathy